Michigan Data Center Tracker
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Everything you need to hold a data-center project accountable in your community — how to pull the public record, what the jargon means, and how to make your voice count.

FOIA guide What is a data center Glossary Key issues The case for Use the tracker Participate Case studies Methodology
Start here · most requested

How to submit a FOIA request

Michigan's Freedom of Information Act gives you the right to public records from townships, counties, state agencies, and — for their public dealings — utilities. Here's exactly how to ask.

1
Find the right body
Township clerk for local zoning/permits; county for larger sites; MPSC for power agreements; the utility for interconnection.
2
Name the records
Be specific and dated. Ask for permits, site plans, power/water contracts, and correspondence (see the list below).
3
Send it in writing
Email or mail the FOIA coordinator. Use a template below. Ask for electronic copies to keep fees down.
4
Track the clock
They must respond within 5 business days (a 10-day extension is allowed). Keep every reply.
What records to ask for
· Special-use / zoning permit applications
· Site plans & engineering studies
· Power-purchase & interconnection agreements
· Water-withdrawal permits & usage estimates
· Tax-abatement / PILOT agreements
· Correspondence between officials & the developer
· Noise, traffic & environmental assessments
· Meeting minutes, agendas & staff memos
Sample letter templates
Local government (township / county) PDF ↓
To the FOIA Coordinator, [Township/County]:

Under Michigan's Freedom of Information Act (MCL 15.231 et seq.), I request copies of the following records regarding the proposed data center at [address/parcel]:

  1. All permit and site-plan applications;
  2. Any power, water, or tax agreements;
  3. Correspondence between [Township] officials and [Developer] from [date] to present.

I request electronic copies. If fees exceed $25, please provide an itemized estimate first. Please respond within 5 business days as required by law.

[Name / email / phone]
Michigan Public Service Commission (MPSC) PDF ↓
To the MPSC FOIA Coordinator:

Under MCL 15.231 et seq., I request records relating to large-load electric service agreements and interconnection filings for [project/utility], including tariff filings, load studies, and related correspondence dated [range].

I request records in electronic format and an itemized fee estimate if charges apply.

[Name / email / phone]
Utility (public dealings) PDF ↓
Note: private utilities aren't always subject to FOIA, but their filings with the MPSC and local governments are. Request those through the agency, and ask the utility directly for its public interconnection queue and rate filings for [project].

[Name / email / phone]
If they delay or deny

A denial must cite a specific exemption. You can appeal to the head of the public body within the agency, or sue in circuit court. Excessive fees can also be appealed.

The basics

What is a data center?

A data center is a large building full of computer servers that store and process digital information — the backbone of cloud services and, increasingly, artificial intelligence. The newest AI campuses are enormous: hundreds of acres and hundreds of megawatts of power, the equivalent of a small city's electricity use.

Companies target Michigan for its cool climate, water access, available land, and tax incentives. That scale is why they touch your power grid, water supply, and local zoning — and why communities are paying close attention.

Plain language

Glossary

Megawatt / Gigawatt (MW / GW) — a unit of power. 1 MW ≈ 800 homes; 1 GW = 1,000 MW.
Moratorium / pause — a temporary local ban on new projects while rules are written.
Special-use permit — approval a use needs beyond base zoning.
Interconnection agreement — the deal to plug a large load into the grid.
Water withdrawal — how much water a site draws for cooling.
PILOT / abatement — a tax break trading upfront revenue for investment.
What's at stake

Key issues for communities

Power & grid
One campus can draw as much power as a city — who pays for grid upgrades?
Water use
Cooling can consume millions of gallons — the #1 public concern.
Noise & setbacks
24/7 cooling hum drives fights over buffers and height caps.
Taxes vs. cost
Abatements can outweigh what a low-headcount site returns.
Jobs vs. life
Construction jobs are real; permanent staffing is small.
Both sides

The case for data centers

Supporters and utilities make real arguments too. Here's their case, in plain terms — so you can weigh it against the community concerns above.

Why some Michigan leaders back them
Investment & tax base — billion-dollar builds can expand the local tax base for schools, roads, and services.
Construction jobs — large sites mean years of building-trades work and local contracting.
Competitiveness — officials argue Michigan should capture AI infrastructure rather than lose it to other states.
Land reuse — some target former industrial or farmland seen as hard to develop otherwise.
Why utility companies want the load
Large, steady demand — a 24/7 campus is predictable revenue unlike variable household use.
Justifies investment — big new loads can underwrite generation and grid upgrades utilities want to build.
Spreading fixed costs — utilities argue more billed usage can spread fixed system costs across more sales.
Long-term contracts — multi-year power agreements lock in demand for decades.

The counter-argument: critics say the jobs are few once built, the tax breaks can outweigh the return, and ratepayers — not the companies — can end up paying for grid and water impacts. That's the tension every hearing is really about. See the community concerns ↑

Get oriented

How to use the tracker

The Live Map plots every project, pause, and power plant — color-coded by status; click any pin for its source. The Data lists all 19 projects with full records.

The stats show tracked projects, disclosed load, and how many communities have hit pause. A blank load means the developer hasn't filed power needs — we show "Undisclosed," never zero.

Show up

How to participate locally

Find your next hearing on the Meetings page — agendas and live streams included. Public comment is usually near the start; you typically get 2–3 minutes.

Good questions: What's the disclosed load and water use? Who pays for grid upgrades? What are the setback and noise limits? Is there a tax abatement — and what does the community get back?

From the record

Michigan case studies

Community win
Girard Township

Residents won strict setbacks, noise limits, and height caps — a template other townships are now copying.

Approved
Saline Township

A 1,400 MW campus moved to construction — the largest disclosed load on the tracker.

Withdrawn
Pavilion Township

A Franklin Partners proposal was pulled after sustained local opposition.

How we work

Methodology & sources

Every project, pause, and meeting is drawn from public records and news reporting. We aggregate and summarize each item plainly — and we always link the original source. Every record carries a verified date and a confidence label (Confirmed or Reported). We never publish a number we can't cite.

Go deeper

Resources

MI Public Service Commission ↗
EGLE — water & environment ↗
Check your voter registration ↗
State FOIA portal ↗
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